Pakistani immigrants and their challenges in accessing culturally diverse physicians in the Toronto CMA

This research concerns the health experience of both new and long-term Pakistani immigrants living the the Toronto CMA and focuses on their experiences of utilizing culturally diverse famliy physicians. It considers their spatial context of healthcare access and the leading barriers to access they face. Attention is given to the gendered experiences of Pakistani women and the influence of culture and socio-economic factors as determinants of health. The study implies Pakistani newcomers experience significant challenges to adequate healthcare access as opposed to mature Pakistani immigrants, in terms of their English communication skills, access to transportation, lack of social/familial ties and awareness.